The different types of ADHD
ADHD isn't a one-size-fits-all condition. There are three main ways it presents, each impacting learning differently:
Combined ADHD:
This most common type combines symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity. Students might struggle to stay focused, fidget, blurt out answers, and have difficulty completing tasks. They may miss key information or make careless mistakes due to inattention.
Predominantly Inattentive ADHD (formerly ADD):
In this type, hyperactivity is less noticeable. Students may daydream frequently, lose track of instructions, and have trouble organizing their thoughts and belongings. Learning can be hampered by difficulty focusing on complex topics or finishing assignments on time.
Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive ADHD:
Here, inattention takes a backseat to excessive energy and impulsivity. Students might be restless, talk excessively, and struggle to wait their turn. Learning can be disrupted by impulsive actions and difficulty controlling emotions or staying seated during lessons.
The impact on learning:
Each type presents unique challenges. Students with combined ADHD face difficulties on multiple fronts. Inattentive ADHD can lead to missed information and incomplete work, while hyperactive-impulsive ADHD can disrupt both their own learning and that of classmates.
Identifying these differences is crucial. Teachers can adapt their approach to individual needs. Visual aids and frequent check-ins can benefit students with inattention, while providing clear expectations and structured routines can help those who are hyperactive-impulsive.
By recognising the different types of ADHD and their impact, educators can work with support staff and parents to create a learning environment that empowers all students with ADHD to succeed.
